Fluid Mechanics in SWCE

In water supply pipelines, water hammer pressure surge $\Delta P$ caused by instantaneous valve closure in a rigid pipe is given by Joukowsky equation:

Options:

• (A) $\Delta P = \rho c v$
• (B) $\Delta P = \rho v^2 / 2$
• (C) $\Delta P = c / (\rho v)$
• (D) $\Delta P = \rho g h$