Allied & ICAR Exam Bank • ALLIED_0706 MCQ • 1 Mark

Section 7: Dairy and Food Engineering

Thermal Processing and Kinetics

Subtopic: Thermal Processing and Kinetics

Question Statement:

The Decimal Reduction Time ($D$-value) in food thermal sterilization is defined as:

Options:

  • (A) The time in minutes at a given constant temperature required to destroy $90\%$ (1 log cycle) of a specific microbial population
  • (B) The temperature change required to double the destruction rate
  • (C) The time to destroy all spores completely
  • (D) The decimal fraction of surviving spores

Answer Key:

A

Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation

$D$-value is the exposure duration that reduces viable survivors by a factor of 10 ($90\%$ reduction, $\log_{10}(N_0/N) = 1$).
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