Allied & ICAR Exam Bank • ALLIED_0977 MCQ • 1 Mark

Section 7: Dairy and Food Engineering

Dairy Processing Equipment

Subtopic: Homogenization and Separation

Question Statement:

Bactofugation is a specialized centrifugal process used in dairy processing specifically to:

Options:

  • (A) Remove anaerobic spore-forming bacteria (such as *Clostridium tyrobutyricum*) from cheese milk by exploiting their higher density relative to milk plasma
  • (B) Increase fat content of cream
  • (C) Pasteurize milk by boiling
  • (D) Separate milk lactose crystals

Answer Key:

A

Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation

Bacterial spores have a higher density ($\approx 1.25-1.30\text{ g/cm}^3$) than milk serum ($\approx 1.036\text{ g/cm}^3$). High-speed centrifuges (
gt; 9000 \times g$) remove up to $98-99\%$ of spores to prevent late blowing in hard cheeses.
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