Allied & ICAR Exam Bank • ALLIED_1301 NAT • 2 Marks

Section 7: Dairy and Food Engineering

Thermal Processing and Kinetics

Subtopic: D-Value and 12D Concept

Question Statement:

In the canning of low-acid food, *Clostridium botulinum* spores have a decimal reduction time $D_{121.1} = 0.21\text{ minutes}$. To achieve a commercial 12D cook ($12$ log reductions), the required thermal process lethality $F_0 = 12 \times D_{121.1}$ (in minutes) is:

Answer Key:

2.52

Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation

$F_0 = 12 \times D = 12 \times 0.21\text{ min} = 2.52\text{ minutes}$.
← Previous (ALLIED_1300) Next (ALLIED_1302) →

Practice In Authentic CBT Exam Interface

Test your skills under authentic timed conditions with live scoring and AIR percentile ranking.

Launch CBT Mock Test