Allied & ICAR Exam Bank • ALLIED_1303 NAT • 2 Marks

Section 7: Dairy and Food Engineering

Heat and Mass Transfer in Food Processing

Subtopic: LMTD in Counterflow

Question Statement:

In a counterflow plate heat exchanger pasteurizing milk, hot water enters at $85^\circ\text{C}$ and exits at $65^\circ\text{C}$. Cold milk enters at $45^\circ\text{C}$ and exits at $75^\circ\text{C}$. The temperature differences at the two ends are $\Delta T_1 = 85 - 75 = 10^\circ\text{C}$ and $\Delta T_2 = 65 - 45 = 20^\circ\text{C}$. Given $\ln(2) = 0.693$, the Log Mean Temperature Difference ($LMTD$) in degrees Celsius is:

Answer Key:

14.4

Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation

$LMTD = \frac{\Delta T_2 - \Delta T_1}{\ln(\Delta T_2 / \Delta T_1)} = \frac{20 - 10}{\ln(20/10)} = \frac{10}{\ln(2)} = \frac{10}{0.69315} \approx 14.43^\circ\text{C}$.
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