Allied & ICAR Exam Bank • ALLIED_1472 MCQ • 1 Mark

Section 8: General Aptitude

Verbal Aptitude

Subtopic: Critical Reasoning

Question Statement:

Argument: 'If a tractor has a flat tire, it cannot plow the field. The tractor cannot plow the field. Therefore, it must have a flat tire.' Which of the following displays the exact same flawed reasoning structure?

Options:

  • (A) If it rains, the grass gets wet. The grass is wet. Therefore, it must have rained.
  • (B) If it rains, the grass gets wet. It did not rain. Therefore, the grass is dry.
  • (C) All tractors are machines. Some machines are plows. Therefore, some tractors are plows.
  • (D) If you study hard, you pass. You passed. Therefore, you studied hard.

Answer Key:

A

Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation

Both commit the formal fallacy of affirming the consequent: $P \implies Q$, $Q$, therefore $P$ (ignoring sprinklers/other causes).
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