Question Bank • QB_APE_EXP_040 MCQ • 1 Mark

Section 6: Agricultural Process Engineering

Size Reduction and Material Handling

Subtopic: Homogenization

Question Statement:

High pressure homogenization of food emulsions reduces fat globule size primarily due to:

Options:

  • (A) Intense shear stress, cavitation, and turbulent micro-eddies in the homogenization valve
  • (B) Thermal denaturation of whey proteins
  • (C) Centrifugal sedimentation of fat molecules
  • (D) Osmotic pressure gradient between dispersed and continuous phases

Answer Key:

A

Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation

Homogenization forces fluid through a narrow annular valve clearance at high pressures ($15 - 25\text{ MPa}$), generating extreme fluid velocity (
gt;200\text{ m/s}$), intense shear stresses, cavitation bubble implosions, and turbulent eddies that shatter fat globules.
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