Which of the following physico-chemical changes occur in paddy rice grains during hydrothermal parboiling treatment?
Options:
(A) Complete gelatinization of starch granules in the endosperm
(B) Migration of water-soluble B-complex vitamins from bran into the starchy endosperm
(C) Decrease in head rice recovery (higher grain breakage during milling)
(D) Inactivation of lipolytic enzymes in the rice bran
Answer Key:
A, B, D
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
- A is correct: Parboiling gelatinizes starch, sealing microscopic internal fissures.
- B is correct: Thiamine and riboflavin dissolve and diffuse inwards into the endosperm.
- C is incorrect: Gelatinization cements internal cracks, substantially *increasing* head rice recovery (reducing breakage).
- D is correct: Steaming thermal denaturation destroys active lipase, increasing bran shelf life.