Question Bank • QB_DFE_HMT_023 NAT • 2 Marks

Section 7: Dairy and Food Engineering

Heat and Mass Transfer

Subtopic: Water activity, sorption and desorption isotherms

Question Statement:

An aqueous sucrose solution containing $18.0\text{ g}$ of sucrose (molecular weight $M_w = 342.3\text{ g/mol}$) dissolved in $100.0\text{ g}$ of pure water ($M_w = 18.015\text{ g/mol}$) behaves as an ideal dilute solution. Using Raoult's law ($a_w = x_w = \frac{n_w}{n_w + n_s}$), the water activity ($a_w$) of this solution is ________ (round off to three decimal places).

Answer Key:

0.991

Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation

Multi-Approach Solution: **Method 1: Raoult's Law Mole Fraction** 1. Moles of water ($n_w$): $n_w = \frac{100.0\text{ g}}{18.015\text{ g/mol}} = 5.55093\text{ moles}$ 2. Moles of sucrose solute ($n_s$): $n_s = \frac{18.0\text{ g}}{342.3\text{ g/mol}} = 0.052585\text{ moles}$ 3. Total moles in solution: $n_{\text{total}} = 5.55093 + 0.052585 = 5.603515\text{ moles}$ 4. Water activity by Raoult's law: $a_w = x_w = \frac{n_w}{n_{\text{total}}} = \frac{5.55093}{5.603515} = 0.990616 \approx 0.991$ **Method 2: Norrish Equation Shortcut** For dilute non-electrolyte solution: $a_w = 1 - x_s = 1 - \frac{0.052585}{5.6035} = 1 - 0.00938 = 0.99062 \approx 0.991$.
← Previous (QB_DFE_EXP_095) Next (QB_DFE_HMT_021) →

Practice In Authentic CBT Exam Interface

Test your skills under authentic timed conditions with live scoring and AIR percentile ranking.

Launch CBT Mock Test