Subtopic: Primary and secondary tillage implements
Question Statement:
Referring to the moldboard plow bottom free-body soil reaction force diagram shown below, which of the following force resolutions are CORRECT?
Options:
(A) Draft force $D$ is the horizontal component of total soil reaction acting parallel to the direction of travel
(B) Side draft $S$ is the horizontal component acting perpendicular to the direction of travel towards the unplowed land
(C) Vertical force $V$ acts downwards due to the suction of the share point and weight of soil on the moldboard
(D) The resultant soil force is $R = \sqrt{D^2 + S^2 + V^2}$
Answer Key:
A, B, C, D
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
All four statements represent established tillage implement mechanics:
1. Draft $D$ opposes motion directly along the travel line.
2. Side draft $S$ acts perpendicular to the furrow wall, resisted by the landside.
3. Vertical reaction $V$ acts downward (penetration suction).
4. By vector addition of orthogonal components: $R = \sqrt{D^2 + S^2 + V^2}$.