In optical remote sensing for precision agriculture, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is computed using reflectance values in Near-Infrared ($NIR$) and Red ($RED$) spectral bands as:
Options:
(A) $\frac{NIR - RED}{NIR + RED}$
(B) $\frac{RED - NIR}{RED + NIR}$
(C) $\frac{NIR \times RED}{NIR + RED}$
(D) $\frac{NIR + RED}{NIR - RED}$
Answer Key:
A
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is mathematically defined as:
$NDVI = \frac{NIR - RED}{NIR + RED}$
Healthy green vegetation absorbs red light strongly for photosynthesis and reflects near-infrared light strongly due to spongy mesophyll cell structure.