Subtopic: Functional requirements, principles of working, construction and operation of manual, animal, tractor and renewable energy operated equipment for tillage, sowing, planting, fertilizer application, inter-cultivation, spraying, mowing, chaff cutting, harvesting and threshing
Question Statement:
In agricultural boom sprayers, standard flat-fan nozzles produce a tapered spray distribution across their pattern width. To achieve a uniform coefficient of variation ($CV < 10\%$) of spray deposit across the entire swath, adjacent nozzle patterns on the boom are typically designed to overlap by:
Options:
(A) $0\text{--}5\%$
(B) $10\text{--}15\%$
(C) $30\text{--}50\%$
(D) $80\text{--}90\%$
Answer Key:
C
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
```
Flat Fan Overlap Pattern:
Nozzle 1 Nozzle 2
\ / \ /
\/\ /\/
\ \ / /
==X==============X=== (Overlap Zone: 30% to 50%)
```
- Standard flat-fan nozzles have a triangular/trapezoidal deposit profile with maximum application directly under the nozzle orifice tapering to zero at edges.
- An overlap of $30\text{--}50\%$ (typically $30\%$ for $110^\circ$ nozzles and $50\%$ for $80^\circ$ nozzles) creates an additive uniform flat combined distribution across the boom.