Section 4: Soil and Water Conservation Engineering
Soil and Water Erosion
Subtopic: Gully control structures – drop, drop inlet and chute spillways
Question Statement:
Which of the following components are typical elements of a straight drop spillway?
Options:
(A) Headwall and headwall extensions
(B) Stilling basin apron and cutoff walls
(C) Vortex chamber and cavitation runner
(D) Sidewalls and wingwalls
Answer Key:
A, B, D
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
A straight drop spillway consists of:
1. Inlet: Headwall and headwall extensions.
2. Conduit/Drop: Crest and vertical drop wall.
3. Outlet: Stilling basin floor (apron), sidewalls, wingwalls, and cutoff walls to prevent piping.
Vortex runners belong to hydraulic turbines, not drop spillways.