Question Bank • QB_SWCE_GATE_002 MSQ • 2 Marks

Section 4: Soil and Water Conservation Engineering

Soil and Water Erosion

Subtopic: Soil loss estimation

Question Statement:

In the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) $A = R \cdot K \cdot L \cdot S \cdot C \cdot P$, which of the following statements is/are CORRECT?

Options:

  • (A) $R$ is the rainfall-runoff erosivity factor determined by the product of total kinetic energy and maximum 30-minute intensity
  • (B) $K$ is the soil erodibility factor evaluated on a standard fallow plot of $22.13\text{ m}$ length on a $9\%$ slope
  • (C) $P$ factor equals 1.0 when contour bunding is implemented on steep slopes
  • (D) $C$ factor represents the cropping-management ratio relative to continuous bare fallow

Answer Key:

A, B, D

Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation

USLE Factors (Schwab et al.): - **A is TRUE**: $R = E I_{30} / 100$. - **B is TRUE**: Standard unit plot is $72.6\text{ ft} (22.13\text{ m})$, $9\%$ slope, continuous fallow. - **C is FALSE**: $P = 1.0$ for up-and-down slope cultivation (no conservation practice); contour bunding reduces $P$ to
lt; 1.0$. - **D is TRUE**: $C$ is the cropping management factor relative to clean-tilled bare fallow. Correct options: **A, B, D**.
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