Allied & ICAR Exam Bank • ALLIED_0758
MCQ • 1 Mark
Section 7: Dairy and Food Engineering
Dairy Unit Operations
Subtopic: Dairy Unit Operations
Question Statement:
In membrane filtration of dairy streams, Ultrafiltration (UF) with molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of $10-50\text{ kDa}$ is used to:
Options:
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(A) Concentrate whey proteins and casein while allowing lactose, minerals, and water to pass into the permeate
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(B) Remove all bacteria only
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(C) Desalinate seawater only
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(D) Separate fat from cream
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
UF membranes ($0.001-0.02\text{ \mu m}$, $1-100\text{ kDa}$) selectively retain macromolecules (casein, $\alpha$-lactalbumin, $\beta$-lactoglobulin) while permeating micromolecules (lactose and salts).
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