Dairy Unit Operations

In membrane ultrafiltration, feed concentration of protein is $C_f = 3.0\text{ g/L}$ and permeate concentration is $C_p = 0.3\text{ g/L}$. The membrane rejection coefficient $R = \left(1 - \frac{C_p}{C_f}\right) \times 100 = \left(1 - \frac{0.3}{3.0}\right) \times 100$ in percent is: