Dairy Processing Equipment

Skim milk ($F = 1000\text{ kg/h}$) containing $9\%$ total solids is concentrated to condensed skim milk containing $45\%$ total solids in a falling film evaporator. By solids mass balance, product rate is $P = F \times \frac{9}{45} = 1000 \times 0.20 = 200\text{ kg/h}$. The water evaporated $W = F - P = 1000 - 200$ in kg/h is: