Allied & ICAR Exam Bank • ALLIED_0992 MCQ • 1 Mark

Section 7: Dairy and Food Engineering

Dairy Processing Equipment

Subtopic: Membrane Separation and Filtration

Question Statement:

In cross-flow ultrafiltration of milk proteins, concentration polarization refers to:

Options:

  • (A) Accumulation of retained protein macromolecules at the membrane surface forming a concentrated boundary layer that impedes permeate flux
  • (B) Electrification of the filter housing
  • (C) Solidification of milk into cheese inside the pump
  • (D) Freezing of water molecules

Answer Key:

A

Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation

Solute convection toward the membrane surface ($J C$) exceeds backward diffusion into the bulk ($D \frac{dC}{dx}$), forming a gelatinous boundary layer with high osmotic backpressure and hydraulic resistance.
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